| Abstract: |
Sustainable and green manufacturing has emerged as a strategic approach to achieving environmental protection, economic growth, and social responsibility within industrial systems. Increasing environmental concerns, resource depletion, and regulatory pressures have encouraged industries to adopt sustainable production practices. This study presents a comprehensive review of sustainable and green manufacturing from 2001 to 2025, highlighting key concepts, principles, technologies, benefits, challenges, and research gaps. The review identifies that resource efficiency, waste reduction, energy optimization, life cycle assessment, and circular economy practices are central components of sustainable manufacturing systems. Furthermore, the integration of Industry 4.0 technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), digital twins, and automation significantly enhances sustainability performance through real-time monitoring and process optimization. The findings indicate that sustainable manufacturing improves environmental performance by reducing carbon emissions, energy consumption, and waste generation while simultaneously improving economic performance through cost savings and operational efficiency. However, challenges such as high initial investment costs, lack of standardized sustainability metrics, limited adoption among small and medium enterprises (SMEs), and shortage of skilled workforce hinder widespread implementation. The study concludes that sustainable and green manufacturing is essential for long-term industrial competitiveness and global sustainability goals. Future research should focus on integrated digital-sustainability frameworks, standardized assessment methods, and cost-effective implementation models. |
