| Abstract: |
Patient adherence to treatment regimens continues to be a major challenge in healthcare systems worldwide, with nearly 50% of individuals with chronic diseases failing to follow prescribed medication plans, ultimately affecting therapeutic outcomes and increasing healthcare costs. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of nursing interventions in improving patient adherence to prescribed treatment regimens across chronic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among 450 patients across healthcare facilities in five Indian states—Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh—from January 2024 to August 2024. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, including the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8, along with patient interviews and clinical assessments. Participants were divided into an intervention group (n = 235), which received structured nursing interventions, and a control group (n = 215), which received standard care.
The findings indicated that structured nursing interventions significantly improved adherence rates compared to standard care. Patients who received comprehensive nursing interventions demonstrated higher adherence levels (73.8%) than those in the control group (48.2%). Among the intervention strategies, educational counseling, telephone follow-ups, motivational interviewing, and personalized care plans were the most effective. Statistical analysis showed strong correlations between the frequency of nurse–patient interactions and adherence levels (p < 0.001). Additionally, intervention intensity, patient education level, and family involvement were identified as major predictors of adherence.
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